Between Viewing Violence and Behaving Aggressively Case Assignment

Between Viewing Violence and Behaving Aggressively Case Assignment

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Type	Essay
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Between Viewing Violence and Behaving Aggressively Case Assignment

The Research on Exposure to Video and Television Violence Essay

By: Name, College affiliation

Researchers had kids play Medal of Honor or Need for Speed and then used brain imaging (fMRI) to study brain function

The causal link between viewing violence and behaving aggressively

The kids who played the violent game has less activity in the parts of the brain which control inhibition, concentration, self-control and emotional arousal.

The kids who played the non violent game had normal brain function.

In total, the research on exposure to video and television violence suggests that playing violent video games will increase aggressive behavior in children and young adults.

This finding is supported by experimental and field studies among both males and females.

Research indicates also that exposure to video violence increases psychological arousal and aggression-related thoughts and feelings.

Continuation

A study was conducted by the National Institute on Media and the Family using children between the ages of 7-14 to see how difficult it is for minors to purchase video games rated M.

Adolescents were successful 100% of the time in stores that didn’t have a policy but in retailers with a policy, the teens were only able to buy the games 30% of the time.

79% of the stores surveyed report that they have a policy prohibiting the sale of M-rated games to youth under 17.

Only 55% of stores educate the public about ratings and 49% formally train their personnel in the ratings.

Surveyed high school students

Those who had more exposure to violent video games:

held more pro-violent attitudes

had more hostile personalities

were less forgiving

believed violence to be more typical

behaved more aggressively in their everyday lives

there was no difference in video game effect between boys and girls

exposure to violent video games was a better predictor of violent behavior than their gender or own beliefs about violence.

Increases Physiological Arousal

Heart rate and blood pressure

Increases Aggressive Thoughts

Hostile Attribution Bias (Kirsh, 1998)

Increases Aggressive Emotions

Students who were more “addicted” to video games were significantly more likely to be in a bad mood before, during, and after playing than were non-addicted students (Griffiths & Hunt, 1998).

67% of households with children own video game systems.

At least half of U.S. children are now using the Internet for homework, games, and entertainment.

Violent themes compose 60% – 90% of the most popular video games.

90% of 4th graders and 75% of 8th graders report playing 1 or more hours per week either at home or arcades.

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Children and adolescents prefer violent video games to all others.

Rather than “passive” viewers, games make the player an active participant, initiating and repeating the violence.

Basic elements make video games addictive:

Player experiences feelings of mastery and control.

Level of play is exactly calibrated to player’s ability.

Player receives immediate and continual reinforcement.

Player can escape life and be immersed in a constructed reality that seems in their control.

Similar violent video games are used for training simulations by the military and law enforcement.

A Meta-Analytic Review of the Scientific Literature

were more likely to help others

were more willing to help in further experiments

intervened more often when someone was being harassed

Note: playing violent video games increased antisocial behaviour and decreased prosocial behaviour

On average, youths between the ages of 8-18 spend 40 hours per week using some type of media, not counting school or homework assignments.

Television is viewed most often, but the popularity of other video media is rising.

Approximately 10% of youths ages 2-18 play console and computer video games more than 1 hour per day.

Video Game Statistics

Early Everyone Teen Mature Adults Ratings

Childhood Only Pending

Animated Blood – Discolored and/or unrealistic depictions of blood

Blood – Depictions of blood

Blood and Gore – Depictions of blood or the mutilation of body parts

Cartoon Violence – Violent actions involving cartoon-like situations and characters. May include violence where a character is unharmed after the action has been inflicted

Fantasy Violence – Violent actions of a fantasy nature, involving human or non-human characters in situations easily distinguishable from real life

Intense Violence – Graphic and realistic-looking depictions of physical conflict. May involve extreme and/or realistic blood, gore, weapons, and depictions of human injury and death

Mild Violence – Mild scenes depicting characters in unsafe and/or violent situations

Sexual Violence – Depictions of rape or other sexual acts

Strong Lyrics – Explicit and/or frequent references to profanity, sex, violence, alcohol, or drug use in music

Between Viewing Violence and Behaving Aggressively Case Assignment

RUBRIC QUALITY OF RESPONSE NO RESPONSE POOR / UNSATISFACTORY SATISFACTORY GOOD EXCELLENT Content (worth a maximum of 50% of the total points) Zero points:  Student failed to submit the final paper. 20 points out of 50:  The essay illustrates poor understanding of the relevant material by failing to address or incorrectly addressing the relevant content; failing to identify or inaccurately explaining/defining key concepts/ideas; ignoring or incorrectly explaining key points/claims and the reasoning behind them; and/or incorrectly or inappropriately using terminology; and elements of the response are lacking. 30 points out of 50:  The essay illustrates a rudimentary understanding of the relevant material by mentioning but not full explaining the relevant content; identifying some of the key concepts/ideas though failing to fully or accurately explain many of them; using terminology, though sometimes inaccurately or inappropriately; and/or incorporating some key claims/points but failing to explain the reasoning behind them or doing so inaccurately.  Elements of the required response may also be lacking. 40 points out of 50:  The essay illustrates solid understanding of the relevant material by correctly addressing most of the relevant content; identifying and explaining most of the key concepts/ideas; using correct terminology; explaining the reasoning behind most of the key points/claims; and/or where necessary or useful, substantiating some points with accurate examples.  The answer is complete. 50 points:  The essay illustrates exemplary understanding of the relevant material by thoroughly and correctly addressing the relevant content; identifying and explaining all of the key concepts/ideas; using correct terminology explaining the reasoning behind key points/claims and substantiating, as necessary/useful, points with several accurate and illuminating examples.  No aspects of the required answer are missing. Use of Sources (worth a maximum of 20% of the total points). Zero points:  Student failed to include citations and/or references. Or the student failed to submit a final paper. 5 out 20 points:  Sources are seldom cited to support statements and/or format of citations are not recognizable as APA 6th Edition format. There are major errors in the formation of the references and citations. And/or there is a major reliance on highly questionable. The Student fails to provide an adequate synthesis of research collected for the paper. 10 out 20 points:  References to scholarly sources are occasionally given; many statements seem unsubstantiated.  Frequent errors in APA 6th Edition format, leaving the reader confused about the source of the information. There are significant errors of the formation in the references and citations. And/or there is a significant use of highly questionable sources. 15 out 20 points:  Credible Scholarly sources are used effectively support claims and are, for the most part, clear and fairly represented.  APA 6th Edition is used with only a few minor errors.  There are minor errors in reference and/or citations. And/or there is some use of questionable sources. 20 points:  Credible scholarly sources are used to give compelling evidence to support claims and are clearly and fairly represented.  APA 6th Edition format is used accurately and consistently. The student uses above the maximum required references in the development of the assignment. Grammar (worth maximum of 20% of total points) Zero points:  Student failed to submit the final paper. 5 points out of 20:  The paper does not communicate ideas/points clearly due to inappropriate use of terminology and vague language; thoughts and sentences are disjointed or incomprehensible; organization lacking; and/or numerous grammatical, spelling/punctuation errors  10 points out 20:  The paper is often unclear and difficult to follow due to some inappropriate terminology and/or vague language; ideas may be fragmented, wandering and/or repetitive; poor organization; and/or some grammatical, spelling, punctuation errors 15 points out of 20:  The paper is mostly clear as a result of appropriate use of terminology and minimal vagueness; no tangents and no repetition; fairly good organization; almost perfect grammar, spelling, punctuation, and word usage. 20 points:  The paper is clear, concise, and a pleasure to read as a result of appropriate and precise use of terminology; total coherence of thoughts and presentation and logical organization; and the essay is error free. Structure of the Paper (worth 10% of total points) Zero points:  Student failed to submit the final paper. 3 points out of 10: Student needs to develop better formatting skills. The paper omits significant structural elements required for and APA 6th edition paper. Formatting of the paper has major flaws. The paper does not conform to APA 6th edition requirements whatsoever. 5 points out of 10: Appearance of final paper demonstrates the student’s limited ability to format the paper. There are significant errors in formatting and/or the total omission of major components of an APA 6th edition paper. They can include the omission of the cover page, abstract, and page numbers. Additionally the page has major formatting issues with spacing or paragraph formation. Font size might not conform to size requirements.  The student also significantly writes too large or too short of and paper 7 points out of 10: Research paper presents an above-average use of formatting skills. The paper has slight errors within the paper. This can include small errors or omissions with the cover page, abstract, page number, and headers. There could be also slight formatting issues with the document spacing or the font Additionally the paper might slightly exceed or undershoot the specific number of required written pages for the assignment. 10 points: Student provides a high-caliber, formatted paper. This includes an APA 6th edition cover page, abstract, page number, headers and is double spaced in 12’ Times Roman Font. Additionally, the paper conforms to the specific number of required written pages and neither goes over or under the specified length of the paper.
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