Hospital Readmission as an Accountability Measure

Hospital Readmission as an Accountability Measure

Order ID	53563633773
Type	Essay
Writer Level	Masters
Style	APA
Sources/References	4
Perfect Number of Pages to Order	5-10 Pages

Description/Paper Instructions

Hospital Readmission as an Accountability Measure

DESIGN PHASE 7

Design Phase

Brief Literature review

Preventable hospitable readmission is a significant and growing concern in the United States healthcare sector. The issue of hospital readmission represents about 20% of the hospitalization, and the patient incurs about $18- $25 billion of unnecessary cost. The Medicare reimbursement financial incentives and the National quality initiatives have made significant efforts which are aimed at reducing the rate of readmission following several strategies and interventions (Al-Amin, 2016).

The rate of readmission for the Medicaid and Medicare beneficiaries has continued to increase hence impacting the United States health care provision negatively. The primary reason for the numerous readmissions in the health care facilities is contributed by medical errors, failure of the treatment plan, defects in care, shortcomings in preparing the patients and their families the health care outside the health facility (Lackey, 2015). The main reason for this frequent readmission is the inability to create discharge processes which are of quality standard, minimal preparation of patients and families for the discharge, poor communication and minimum education to the patients in regards to the essentialness of the treatment approach. Several studies tend to link the increasing rate of readmission with inadequate follow up by the primary care providers and other concerned healthcare facilities

As the cost of health care continues to increase and the health care reimbursement being dependent on the length of stay and satisfaction of the patient, the rate of hospital readmission has become a tool that used to measure the quality of patient care a health facility provides (Axon & Williams, 2011). Despite being a tool of measuring quality, the rate of hospital readmission also tends to impact the wellbeing of the patient. The research topic tends to have a public significance due to the health disparities for those with high risks for readmission.

The knowledge of nurses plays a significant role in the development of approaches that may be used to develop a follow as well as continuous care to limit readmission, promote practical usage of resources and also be able to reduce cost. Currently, health facilitates are often engaging their patients with health training before discharging them to reduce the rate of readmission. Nurses play a significant role in ensuring that quality health care services have been administered to the patients. A health facility that tends to establish a skilled nursing unit can improve health care coordination as well as quality (Ballard-Hernandez, 2010). Following efficient communication, planning, education as well as coordination the nurses and the Nurse case Managers may be able to reduce hospital readmission effectively.

Also, communication may improve the collaboration between the Professional Care Providers, the home health care agencies, among other agencies that are responsible for a successful discharge of the patient. Information exchange among these agencies during transitional care may aid in the reduction of hospital readmission (Bottle, Aylin, & Bell, 2013). Through effective communication approach standard coordinating care with multiple settings and providers, involving the patient and family caregivers in the plan of care as well as conducting post-discharge follow-up phone calls may be developed hence minimizing the rate of hospital readmission which in turn improves the quality of health care and reduces the health care cost.

Methodology and design of the study

The health facility readmission has continued to increase the cost of health care in the United States. Health care readmission is often regarded to be an essential tool for measuring the quality of the health care services that particular health care services provider. It is not quite easy to measure quality based on readmission rate of the patient, but it tends to make more sense that a patient tends to be readmitted because the services he was provided with were not of high quality hence not being able to meet his or her health needs. Often readmission is caused by adverse outcomes from a previous treatment. The primary purpose of this study is to determine if the rate of hospital readmission tends to be an accurate measure of quality in the health sector.

To be able to attain effective results relating to the research question the study design that I used was the grounded theory approach. The study design was the most appropriate approach because it tends to emphasize on developing hypothesis based on the research information collected. The strategy would assist me in being able to understand the research question and situation of research to develop a theory that asserts that the frequency of hospital readmission tends to measure the quality of health services provided by the health care facility. The setting of the study design involved several patient care units at a tertiary- care and academic centre hospital. The methodology that was used to attain information was interviewing the patients based on how they felt if they would be readmitted within 30 days of discharge. Also, the care providers were interviewed on what they thought was the primary cause of readmission and how it impacted the relationship they have with their patients. The interview conducted on the patients involved a questionnaire which comprised of about five items. Every item required the patient to provide a yes or no answer. Besides, there was a face to face interview, which allowed the researcher to attain the patient’s perspective on the issue of readmission. Also, the health care providers were provided with a question which had eight items all which were in relation to ways of reducing hospital readmission. Also, the researchers conducted a face to face interview, which enabled them to understand the health providers perspective on health readmission and how they measure the quality of health they provide. Generally, to be able to attain the relevant information, the researchers used the semi-structured interviews on health care providers and patients in different health care settings. A typical sampling case study of about 20 health care providers and 50 patients was conducted. The interviews focused on the issue of readmission, and also codes were developed and analysed based on the responses using the grounded theory.

Sampling methodology

The research was conducted at various patient care units in a leading public health facility in the United States. The first services of the health facility were Surgical ICUs, Cardiovascular, and general medical services. The health facility often provides health care services to more than 40, 000 patients annually, and it holds an average of 700-bed capacity. The rates that were used in the study were similar to the national standards.

The participants of the study were recruited using public advertisements, as well as referrals. The recruitment process avoided the exclusion and inclusion criteria because the survey was a typical case sampling. Therefore, the individuals who were selected to participate in the study were conventional health care providers who were the representative to the health care process while the patients typically represented the community population and how they felt in regards to hospitalization.

The Institutional Review Board and the Nursing Research Review Committee approved the study. Also, every individual participating was provided with a copy of consent as a participant’s reference. Before commencing with the research or interview the researcher verbally reviewed the study with the participant in detail. Individuals interested in participating in the survey provided a verbal affirmation of consent. Written consent was waived to prevent linking of personal identifiers to the interview data during the consent process period.

Research tools

Researchers may use different techniques to attain information for their research. The methods may be either primary or secondary. The primary tools for achieving knowledge include the questionnaires as well as statistical data. On the other hand, secondary research tools include the internet, research journals, and interviewing people. The tools that I found to be essential and necessary in the study were the internet, talk from the research participants, and the research journals. All these tools enable me to have a more in-depth understanding of the research question in focus.

Algorithm or flowchart created

The findings of the research showed that health care readmission was majorly contributed by the inability to create discharge processes which are of quality standard, minimal preparation of patients and families for the discharge, poor communication and minimum education to the patients in regards to the essentialness of the treatment approach. Several studies tend to link the increasing rate of readmission with inadequate follow up by the primary care providers and other concerned healthcare facilities

Complication within 30days of discharge

Readmission

Successful Discharge

Unsuccessful discharge

Patient education

Team communication

References

Al-Amin, M. (2016). Hospital characteristics and 30-day all-cause readmission rates. Journal of Hospital Medicine, 11(10), 682-687. doi:10.1002/jhm.2606

Axon, R. N., & Williams, M. V. (2011). Hospital Readmission as an Accountability Measure. JAMA, 305(5), 504. doi:10.1001/jama.2011.72

Ballard-Hernandez, J. (2010). Nurse practitioners improving the transition from hospital to home and reducing acute care readmission rates in heart failure patients. Heart & Lung, 39(4), 365-366. doi:10.1016/j.hrtlng.2010.05.031

Bottle, A., Aylin, P., & Bell, D. (2013). Predictors of Readmission in Heart Failure Patients Vary by Cause of Readmission: Hospital-Level Cause-Specific Readmission Rates Show No Correlation. 2013 IEEE International Conference on Healthcare Informatics. doi:10.1109/ichi.2013.88

Lackey, T. L. (2015). How transitional care can be the answer to reducing hospital readmission. Heart & Lung, 44(6), 557-558. doi:10.1016/j.hrtlng.2015.10.035

 

RUBRIC QUALITY OF RESPONSE NO RESPONSE POOR / UNSATISFACTORY SATISFACTORY GOOD EXCELLENT Content (worth a maximum of 50% of the total points) Zero points:  Student failed to submit the final paper. 20 points out of 50:  The essay illustrates poor understanding of the relevant material by failing to address or incorrectly addressing the relevant content; failing to identify or inaccurately explaining/defining key concepts/ideas; ignoring or incorrectly explaining key points/claims and the reasoning behind them; and/or incorrectly or inappropriately using terminology; and elements of the response are lacking. 30 points out of 50:  The essay illustrates a rudimentary understanding of the relevant material by mentioning but not full explaining the relevant content; identifying some of the key concepts/ideas though failing to fully or accurately explain many of them; using terminology, though sometimes inaccurately or inappropriately; and/or incorporating some key claims/points but failing to explain the reasoning behind them or doing so inaccurately.  Elements of the required response may also be lacking. 40 points out of 50:  The essay illustrates solid understanding of the relevant material by correctly addressing most of the relevant content; identifying and explaining most of the key concepts/ideas; using correct terminology; explaining the reasoning behind most of the key points/claims; and/or where necessary or useful, substantiating some points with accurate examples.  The answer is complete. 50 points:  The essay illustrates exemplary understanding of the relevant material by thoroughly and correctly addressing the relevant content; identifying and explaining all of the key concepts/ideas; using correct terminology explaining the reasoning behind key points/claims and substantiating, as necessary/useful, points with several accurate and illuminating examples.  No aspects of the required answer are missing. Use of Sources (worth a maximum of 20% of the total points). Zero points:  Student failed to include citations and/or references. Or the student failed to submit a final paper. 5 out 20 points:  Sources are seldom cited to support statements and/or format of citations are not recognizable as APA 6th Edition format. There are major errors in the formation of the references and citations. And/or there is a major reliance on highly questionable. The Student fails to provide an adequate synthesis of research collected for the paper. 10 out 20 points:  References to scholarly sources are occasionally given; many statements seem unsubstantiated.  Frequent errors in APA 6th Edition format, leaving the reader confused about the source of the information. There are significant errors of the formation in the references and citations. And/or there is a significant use of highly questionable sources. 15 out 20 points:  Credible Scholarly sources are used effectively support claims and are, for the most part, clear and fairly represented.  APA 6th Edition is used with only a few minor errors.  There are minor errors in reference and/or citations. And/or there is some use of questionable sources. 20 points:  Credible scholarly sources are used to give compelling evidence to support claims and are clearly and fairly represented.  APA 6th Edition format is used accurately and consistently. The student uses above the maximum required references in the development of the assignment. Grammar (worth maximum of 20% of total points) Zero points:  Student failed to submit the final paper. 5 points out of 20:  The paper does not communicate ideas/points clearly due to inappropriate use of terminology and vague language; thoughts and sentences are disjointed or incomprehensible; organization lacking; and/or numerous grammatical, spelling/punctuation errors  10 points out 20:  The paper is often unclear and difficult to follow due to some inappropriate terminology and/or vague language; ideas may be fragmented, wandering and/or repetitive; poor organization; and/or some grammatical, spelling, punctuation errors 15 points out of 20:  The paper is mostly clear as a result of appropriate use of terminology and minimal vagueness; no tangents and no repetition; fairly good organization; almost perfect grammar, spelling, punctuation, and word usage. 20 points:  The paper is clear, concise, and a pleasure to read as a result of appropriate and precise use of terminology; total coherence of thoughts and presentation and logical organization; and the essay is error free. Structure of the Paper (worth 10% of total points) Zero points:  Student failed to submit the final paper. 3 points out of 10: Student needs to develop better formatting skills. The paper omits significant structural elements required for and APA 6th edition paper. Formatting of the paper has major flaws. The paper does not conform to APA 6th edition requirements whatsoever. 5 points out of 10: Appearance of final paper demonstrates the student’s limited ability to format the paper. There are significant errors in formatting and/or the total omission of major components of an APA 6th edition paper. They can include the omission of the cover page, abstract, and page numbers. Additionally the page has major formatting issues with spacing or paragraph formation. Font size might not conform to size requirements.  The student also significantly writes too large or too short of and paper 7 points out of 10: Research paper presents an above-average use of formatting skills. The paper has slight errors within the paper. This can include small errors or omissions with the cover page, abstract, page number, and headers. There could be also slight formatting issues with the document spacing or the font Additionally the paper might slightly exceed or undershoot the specific number of required written pages for the assignment. 10 points: Student provides a high-caliber, formatted paper. This includes an APA 6th edition cover page, abstract, page number, headers and is double spaced in 12’ Times Roman Font. Additionally, the paper conforms to the specific number of required written pages and neither goes over or under the specified length of the paper.
GET THIS PROJECT NOW BY CLICKING ON THIS LINK TO PLACE THE ORDER CLICK ON THE LINK HERE:  https://essaysolver.com/orders/ordernow You Can Also Place the Order In www.perfectacademic.com/orders/ordernow / www.essaysolver.com/orders/ordernow
Do You Have Any Other Essay/Assignment/Class Project/Homework Related to this? Click Here Now [CLICK ME] and Have It Done by Our PhD Qualified Writers!!

PLACE THE ORDER WITH US TODAY AND GET A PERFECT SCORE!!!

Do You Have Any Other Essay/Assignment/Class Project/Homework Related to this? Click Here Now [CLICK ME] and Have It Done by Our PhD Qualified Writers!!

Why Work With Us!!

• Tired of getting an average grade in all your school assignments, projects, essays, and homework? Try us today for all your academic schoolwork needs. We are among the most trusted and recognized professional writing services in the market.

• We provide unique, original and plagiarism-free high quality academic, homework, assignments and essay submissions for all our clients. At our company, we capitalize on producing A+ Grades for all our clients and also ensure that you have smooth academic progress in all your school term and semesters.

• High-quality academic submissions, A 100% plagiarism-free submission, Meet even the most urgent deadlines, Provide our services to you at the most competitive rates in the market, Give you free revisions until you meet your desired grades and Provide you with 24/7 customer support service via calls or live chats.