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Melting permafrost endangers Arctic ecosystems
Melting permafrost endangers Arctic ecosystems
Order ID 53563633773 Type Essay Writer Level Masters Style APA Sources/References 4 Perfect Number of Pages to Order 5-10 Pages Description/Paper Instructions
Melting permafrost endangers Arctic ecosystems
Permafrost is a layer of frozen soil, rock, and organic matter that exists in regions where the ground remains below freezing temperatures for at least two years. The Arctic contains some of the largest permafrost regions in the world, which cover an estimated 24% of the Northern Hemisphere’s landmass. However, due to climate change, these permafrost regions are rapidly thawing, which is having significant impacts on Arctic ecosystems. In this essay, we will explore how melting permafrost endangers Arctic ecosystems.
One of the most immediate impacts of melting permafrost is the release of greenhouse gases, particularly carbon dioxide and methane, into the atmosphere. As permafrost thaws, the organic matter within it decomposes, releasing carbon dioxide and methane into the atmosphere. In fact, it is estimated that permafrost contains twice as much carbon as the entire atmosphere. This means that the release of even a small fraction of this carbon could have significant impacts on the global climate.
The release of greenhouse gases from melting permafrost can also have indirect impacts on Arctic ecosystems. As temperatures warm, the permafrost layer becomes more susceptible to erosion and collapse, which can lead to changes in the topography of the region. This can impact the hydrology of the region, leading to changes in water availability and nutrient cycling. These changes can have cascading effects on the vegetation, wildlife, and microbial communities that rely on the Arctic ecosystem.
Furthermore, melting permafrost can also impact the physical structure of the region. As the permafrost thaws, the ground becomes more unstable, leading to landslides and increased soil erosion. This can impact the stability of infrastructure in the region, including roads, buildings, and pipelines. Additionally, the thawing permafrost can expose previously frozen soil and rock, which can be more susceptible to erosion and contribute to sediment runoff into rivers and lakes.
The thawing of permafrost can also have significant impacts on wildlife in the Arctic. For example, many species of birds and mammals rely on the tundra for breeding, migration, and foraging. As permafrost thaws, the vegetation and hydrology of the region can change, impacting the availability of food and nesting sites. This can have direct impacts on the survival and reproductive success of these species, which can have cascading effects on the entire food chain.
In addition, melting permafrost can also impact the microbial communities that are essential for nutrient cycling and ecosystem functioning. The permafrost layer contains a wide range of microorganisms, including bacteria and fungi, which play important roles in nutrient cycling, decomposition, and carbon storage. As permafrost thaws, the balance of these microbial communities can be disrupted, impacting the functioning of the ecosystem as a whole.
To mitigate the impacts of melting permafrost on Arctic ecosystems, it is essential to address the root causes of climate change. This can be done through a range of approaches, including reducing greenhouse gas emissions, promoting sustainable land use practices, and investing in renewable energy. By reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, we can help to slow the rate of climate change and reduce its impacts on the Arctic ecosystem.
In addition, it is important to implement strategies to protect and conserve Arctic ecosystems and the wildlife that rely on them. This can include habitat restoration and protection, species monitoring and management, and the implementation of conservation policies and regulations. By protecting and conserving Arctic ecosystems, we can help to maintain the functioning of the ecosystem and promote a sustainable future for our planet.
In conclusion, melting permafrost is having significant impacts on Arctic ecosystems. The release of greenhouse gases, changes in the physical structure of the region, and impacts on wildlife and microbial communities can have cascading effects on the functioning of the ecosystem
Melting permafrost endangers Arctic ecosystems
RUBRIC
QUALITY OF RESPONSE NO RESPONSE POOR / UNSATISFACTORY SATISFACTORY GOOD EXCELLENT Content (worth a maximum of 50% of the total points) Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. 20 points out of 50: The essay illustrates poor understanding of the relevant material by failing to address or incorrectly addressing the relevant content; failing to identify or inaccurately explaining/defining key concepts/ideas; ignoring or incorrectly explaining key points/claims and the reasoning behind them; and/or incorrectly or inappropriately using terminology; and elements of the response are lacking. 30 points out of 50: The essay illustrates a rudimentary understanding of the relevant material by mentioning but not full explaining the relevant content; identifying some of the key concepts/ideas though failing to fully or accurately explain many of them; using terminology, though sometimes inaccurately or inappropriately; and/or incorporating some key claims/points but failing to explain the reasoning behind them or doing so inaccurately. Elements of the required response may also be lacking. 40 points out of 50: The essay illustrates solid understanding of the relevant material by correctly addressing most of the relevant content; identifying and explaining most of the key concepts/ideas; using correct terminology; explaining the reasoning behind most of the key points/claims; and/or where necessary or useful, substantiating some points with accurate examples. The answer is complete. 50 points: The essay illustrates exemplary understanding of the relevant material by thoroughly and correctly addressing the relevant content; identifying and explaining all of the key concepts/ideas; using correct terminology explaining the reasoning behind key points/claims and substantiating, as necessary/useful, points with several accurate and illuminating examples. No aspects of the required answer are missing. Use of Sources (worth a maximum of 20% of the total points). Zero points: Student failed to include citations and/or references. Or the student failed to submit a final paper. 5 out 20 points: Sources are seldom cited to support statements and/or format of citations are not recognizable as APA 6th Edition format. There are major errors in the formation of the references and citations. And/or there is a major reliance on highly questionable. The Student fails to provide an adequate synthesis of research collected for the paper. 10 out 20 points: References to scholarly sources are occasionally given; many statements seem unsubstantiated. Frequent errors in APA 6th Edition format, leaving the reader confused about the source of the information. There are significant errors of the formation in the references and citations. And/or there is a significant use of highly questionable sources. 15 out 20 points: Credible Scholarly sources are used effectively support claims and are, for the most part, clear and fairly represented. APA 6th Edition is used with only a few minor errors. There are minor errors in reference and/or citations. And/or there is some use of questionable sources. 20 points: Credible scholarly sources are used to give compelling evidence to support claims and are clearly and fairly represented. APA 6th Edition format is used accurately and consistently. The student uses above the maximum required references in the development of the assignment. Grammar (worth maximum of 20% of total points) Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. 5 points out of 20: The paper does not communicate ideas/points clearly due to inappropriate use of terminology and vague language; thoughts and sentences are disjointed or incomprehensible; organization lacking; and/or numerous grammatical, spelling/punctuation errors 10 points out 20: The paper is often unclear and difficult to follow due to some inappropriate terminology and/or vague language; ideas may be fragmented, wandering and/or repetitive; poor organization; and/or some grammatical, spelling, punctuation errors 15 points out of 20: The paper is mostly clear as a result of appropriate use of terminology and minimal vagueness; no tangents and no repetition; fairly good organization; almost perfect grammar, spelling, punctuation, and word usage. 20 points: The paper is clear, concise, and a pleasure to read as a result of appropriate and precise use of terminology; total coherence of thoughts and presentation and logical organization; and the essay is error free. Structure of the Paper (worth 10% of total points) Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. 3 points out of 10: Student needs to develop better formatting skills. The paper omits significant structural elements required for and APA 6th edition paper. Formatting of the paper has major flaws. The paper does not conform to APA 6th edition requirements whatsoever. 5 points out of 10: Appearance of final paper demonstrates the student’s limited ability to format the paper. There are significant errors in formatting and/or the total omission of major components of an APA 6th edition paper. They can include the omission of the cover page, abstract, and page numbers. Additionally the page has major formatting issues with spacing or paragraph formation. Font size might not conform to size requirements. The student also significantly writes too large or too short of and paper 7 points out of 10: Research paper presents an above-average use of formatting skills. The paper has slight errors within the paper. This can include small errors or omissions with the cover page, abstract, page number, and headers. There could be also slight formatting issues with the document spacing or the font Additionally the paper might slightly exceed or undershoot the specific number of required written pages for the assignment. 10 points: Student provides a high-caliber, formatted paper. This includes an APA 6th edition cover page, abstract, page number, headers and is double spaced in 12’ Times Roman Font. Additionally, the paper conforms to the specific number of required written pages and neither goes over or under the specified length of the paper.
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