- Expert Academic and Article Professional Writing Service
- +1 323 471 4575
- support@essaysolver.com
Methodology and the design of the study
Methodology and the design of the study
Order ID 53563633773 Type Essay Writer Level Masters Style APA Sources/References 4 Perfect Number of Pages to Order 5-10 Pages Description/Paper Instructions
Methodology and the design of the study
INFECTION PREVENTION 15
Phase # 2 Infection Prevention
Healthcare acquired infections constitute a major public health issue and it is affecting millions of people on a yearly basis. The approximation from the recent studies is showing more than 5 percent of the hospitalized patients are exposed to nosocomial infections. Many studies further show that the surgical site infections are the common infections associated with nosocomial infections and it is contributing to about 30 percent of all healthcare acquired infections cases.
Study by Ayed et al (2015) shows that healthcare providers are continuously exposed to pathogens which are sometimes severe and lethal. Nurses specifically are more exposed to different infections during the course of providing healthcare services to the patients. This study indicates that it is therefore crucial for nurses to possess sound knowledge as well as strict adherence to the infection control practices. Updating the acquaintance and the practices of nurses through involvement in ongoing in-service educational programs and putting more focus on the role of the current evidence-based practices of infection prevention in the continuous training is important. Provision of the training to the newly recruited nurses regarding the infection control frequently as well as replicating the study through observation checklist is necessary in assessing the level of practice (Imad, Ayed, Faeda, & Lubna, 2015).
Study by Desta et al (2018) reveals that working experience is a stronger predictor of the knowledge in relation to the prevention of the infection. In this study, the goal was to the relationship between the acquaintance, practice and connected aspects of infection prevention among healthcare employees. Education level is a key determinant to the level of experience when it comes to the control or the prevention of infections. According to this study, it is clear that healthcare providers with advanced experience as well as advanced age are significantly linked with the knowledge. This is basically based on the fact that as healthcare providers are getting older, they are more likely to have advance knowledge due to their experiences as well as having worked with their seniors (Desta, Ayenew, Sitotaw, Tegegne, Dires, & Getie, 2018).
Teshager et al (2015) also studies the knowledge, practices, and the related aspects towards the reduction or prevention of the surgical site infections among nurses who were employed in Amhara Regional State Referral healthcare facilities, in the Northwest Ethiopia. This study looked at some of the factors linked with the knowledge of the nurses regarding the prevention of the surgical site infections. Based on the bivariate analysis of this study, the age, year of service, sex of the participants, and training on the infection prevention techniques were found to be the key factors associated with the knowledge on the prevention of infections. On the other hand, the year of service, sex, and the training on the infection prevention were found to be greatly linked to the multivariate assessment (Teshager, Engeda, & Worku, 2015).
Based on the outcome of the analysis, males’ nurses are three time more likely to be knowledgeable on the prevention of the surgical site infections as compared to the female counterparts. Nurses who have served for more than five years were twice more likely to be knowledgeable on the issue of infection prevention as compared to the healthcare employees who have worked for less than five years. Nurses who have been involved in the training program related to the prevention of the infection techniques were twice more likely to be knowledgeable regarding the prevention of the surgical site infections as compared to nurses who have never attended such trainings.
Human are playing an important role in healthcare acquired infections and therefore adequate nurse staffing is important. Batran et al (2018) in their study on whether the standard precautions for healthcare acquired infection among nurses working in the public sector is satisfactory indicates that compliance to the standard precautions by the healthcare providers is related to their knowledge, the standards precaution training, and the experiences they are having. Standards precautions are used as guideline while offering healthcare services to the patients in spite of the supposed infection status. According to this study, the standard precautions are targeted at reducing the transmission of the healthcare acquired infections as well as protecting the nurses and other healthcare providers from the sharp injuries (Batran, Ayed, Salameh, Ayoub, & Fasfous, 2018).
Jahangir et al (2017) aimed at assessing the knowledge and the practices of the nurses in relation to the spreading of the healthcare acquired infections within the government healthcare facilities in Lahore. Based on this study, it was evident that nurses are having knowledge regarding the spread of nosocomial infections. They are also well informed regarding the safety precautions and the use of alcohol-based formulation. Nevertheless, their practices towards reduction of the spread of the hospital associated infections are at unsatisfactory level. This study also reveals that nurses are more exposed to acquiring and transmitting hospital associated infections as they provide nursing care to the patients. It is therefore recommended that nurses must have adequate knowledge as well as the practice towards controlling and preventing the spread of nosocomial infections (Jahangir, Ali, & Riaz, 2017).
Using standardized precautions to help in the prevention of patient from acquiring nosocomial infections is an important part of the nursing care. Study by Moyo (2013), reveals that many nurses are more concerned about their lives as compared to the patients since they are handling different patients from ward to ward. Alternatively, Ventilator patients are more exposed to the healthcare acquired infections whereby the contaminated equipment can be a source of those infections. Nurses who are delivering healthcare services to these patients are also at higher risk of acquiring illness from such equipment (Moyo, 2013).
Methodology and the design of the study
This study is an institutional based and it will therefore be done from May 25, 2019 to June 25, 2019. Healthcare providers having qualification of doctors, health officers, nurses, midwives, x-ray technicians, pharmacists, and the laboratory technicians will be selected for this study. Healthcare providers who are ill plus those who are on leave were never included in the study.
Self-assessed questionnaire will be utilized to help in the collection of data through distribution at the healthcare workers. The self-administered questionnaire was modified CDC infection prevention and control assessment tool for the acute care healthcare facilities. The questionnaire was organized using English language and the pre-test was performed in the study area on 5 percent of healthcare workers and this was excluded from the actual study to help in evaluation of the content as well as the approach of the questionnaire and some necessary adjustment which were necessary to be made.
The analysis of the data will be based on summary of the proportions, frequencies, the average, the score on knowledge is dichotomized as 1 for being knowledgeable and 2 for not being knowledgeable. The practice score is dichotomized as 1 for good practice and 2 for poor practice.
A total of 250 participants will be selected as the population participants. The participants are the healthcare employees who are involved in the direct care of the patients for a period of four weeks in every ward. The systematic random sampling will be used to help in the identification of the study participants through using the list of healthcare employees posted in every ward in the facility as a sampling frame. The first selection of the participant will be based on random selection. The selection of the sample for the study is based on using healthcare providers who are doctors, nurses, midwives, laboratory technologists, pharmacists, and healthcare officers.
One of the tools to be used in this study is the self-administered questionnaire to help in the collection of the data. This tool will be adapted from the modified Center for Disease Control and Prevention and the control assessment tool used for the acute care patients. Any logarithm or flow map developed
References
Batran, A., Ayed, A., Salameh, B., Ayoub, M., & Fasfous, A. (2018). Are standard precautions for hospital-acquired infection among nurses in the public sector satisfactory? AMHS , 6 (2), 223-227. Desta, M., Ayenew, T., Sitotaw, N., Tegegne, N., Dires, M., & Getie, M. (2018). Knowledge, practice and associated factors of infection prevention among healthcare workers in Debre Markos referral hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. BMC Health Serv Res, 18, 465. Haque, M., Sartelli, M., McKimm, J., & Bakar, A. M. (2018). Healthcare-associated infections – an overview. Infection Drug Resist, 11, 2321-2333. Imad, F., Ayed, A., Faeda, E., & Lubna, H. (2015). Knowledge and Practice of Nursing Staff towards Infection Control Measures in the Palestinian Hospitals. ERIC, 6 (4), 79-90. Jahangir, M., Ali, M., & Riaz, M. S. (2017). Knowledge and Practices of Nurses Regarding Spread of Nosocomial Infection In government Hospitals, Lahore. J Liaquat Uni Med Health Sci, 16 (3), 149-153. Moyo, G. (2013). Factors influencing compliance with infection prevention standard precautions among nurses working at Mbagathi district hospital, Nairobi, Kenya. Doctoral dissertation, University of Nairobi. Stone, P. (2017). Economic burden of healthcare-associated infections: an American perspective. Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res, 9 (5), 417-422. Teshager, A. F., Engeda, H. E., & Worku, W. Z. (2015). Knowledge, Practice, and Associated Factors towards Prevention of Surgical Site Infection among Nurses Working in Amhara Regional State Referral Hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia. Surgery Research and Practice.
RUBRIC
QUALITY OF RESPONSE NO RESPONSE POOR / UNSATISFACTORY SATISFACTORY GOOD EXCELLENT Content (worth a maximum of 50% of the total points) Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. 20 points out of 50: The essay illustrates poor understanding of the relevant material by failing to address or incorrectly addressing the relevant content; failing to identify or inaccurately explaining/defining key concepts/ideas; ignoring or incorrectly explaining key points/claims and the reasoning behind them; and/or incorrectly or inappropriately using terminology; and elements of the response are lacking. 30 points out of 50: The essay illustrates a rudimentary understanding of the relevant material by mentioning but not full explaining the relevant content; identifying some of the key concepts/ideas though failing to fully or accurately explain many of them; using terminology, though sometimes inaccurately or inappropriately; and/or incorporating some key claims/points but failing to explain the reasoning behind them or doing so inaccurately. Elements of the required response may also be lacking. 40 points out of 50: The essay illustrates solid understanding of the relevant material by correctly addressing most of the relevant content; identifying and explaining most of the key concepts/ideas; using correct terminology; explaining the reasoning behind most of the key points/claims; and/or where necessary or useful, substantiating some points with accurate examples. The answer is complete. 50 points: The essay illustrates exemplary understanding of the relevant material by thoroughly and correctly addressing the relevant content; identifying and explaining all of the key concepts/ideas; using correct terminology explaining the reasoning behind key points/claims and substantiating, as necessary/useful, points with several accurate and illuminating examples. No aspects of the required answer are missing. Use of Sources (worth a maximum of 20% of the total points). Zero points: Student failed to include citations and/or references. Or the student failed to submit a final paper. 5 out 20 points: Sources are seldom cited to support statements and/or format of citations are not recognizable as APA 6th Edition format. There are major errors in the formation of the references and citations. And/or there is a major reliance on highly questionable. The Student fails to provide an adequate synthesis of research collected for the paper. 10 out 20 points: References to scholarly sources are occasionally given; many statements seem unsubstantiated. Frequent errors in APA 6th Edition format, leaving the reader confused about the source of the information. There are significant errors of the formation in the references and citations. And/or there is a significant use of highly questionable sources. 15 out 20 points: Credible Scholarly sources are used effectively support claims and are, for the most part, clear and fairly represented. APA 6th Edition is used with only a few minor errors. There are minor errors in reference and/or citations. And/or there is some use of questionable sources. 20 points: Credible scholarly sources are used to give compelling evidence to support claims and are clearly and fairly represented. APA 6th Edition format is used accurately and consistently. The student uses above the maximum required references in the development of the assignment. Grammar (worth maximum of 20% of total points) Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. 5 points out of 20: The paper does not communicate ideas/points clearly due to inappropriate use of terminology and vague language; thoughts and sentences are disjointed or incomprehensible; organization lacking; and/or numerous grammatical, spelling/punctuation errors 10 points out 20: The paper is often unclear and difficult to follow due to some inappropriate terminology and/or vague language; ideas may be fragmented, wandering and/or repetitive; poor organization; and/or some grammatical, spelling, punctuation errors 15 points out of 20: The paper is mostly clear as a result of appropriate use of terminology and minimal vagueness; no tangents and no repetition; fairly good organization; almost perfect grammar, spelling, punctuation, and word usage. 20 points: The paper is clear, concise, and a pleasure to read as a result of appropriate and precise use of terminology; total coherence of thoughts and presentation and logical organization; and the essay is error free. Structure of the Paper (worth 10% of total points) Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. 3 points out of 10: Student needs to develop better formatting skills. The paper omits significant structural elements required for and APA 6th edition paper. Formatting of the paper has major flaws. The paper does not conform to APA 6th edition requirements whatsoever. 5 points out of 10: Appearance of final paper demonstrates the student’s limited ability to format the paper. There are significant errors in formatting and/or the total omission of major components of an APA 6th edition paper. They can include the omission of the cover page, abstract, and page numbers. Additionally the page has major formatting issues with spacing or paragraph formation. Font size might not conform to size requirements. The student also significantly writes too large or too short of and paper 7 points out of 10: Research paper presents an above-average use of formatting skills. The paper has slight errors within the paper. This can include small errors or omissions with the cover page, abstract, page number, and headers. There could be also slight formatting issues with the document spacing or the font Additionally the paper might slightly exceed or undershoot the specific number of required written pages for the assignment. 10 points: Student provides a high-caliber, formatted paper. This includes an APA 6th edition cover page, abstract, page number, headers and is double spaced in 12’ Times Roman Font. Additionally, the paper conforms to the specific number of required written pages and neither goes over or under the specified length of the paper.
GET THIS PROJECT NOW BY CLICKING ON THIS LINK TO PLACE THE ORDER
CLICK ON THE LINK HERE: https://essaysolver.com/orders/ordernow
You Can Also Place the Order In www.perfectacademic.com/orders/ordernow / www.essaysolver.com/orders/ordernow
Do You Have Any Other Essay/Assignment/Class Project/Homework Related to this? Click Here Now [CLICK ME] and Have It Done by Our PhD Qualified Writers!!
PLACE THE ORDER WITH US TODAY AND GET A PERFECT SCORE!!!
Do You Have Any Other Essay/Assignment/Class Project/Homework Related to this? Click Here Now [CLICK ME] and Have It Done by Our PhD Qualified Writers!!
Why Work With Us!!
Tired of getting an average grade in all your school assignments, projects, essays, and homework? Try us today for all your academic schoolwork needs. We are among the most trusted and recognized professional writing services in the market.
We provide unique, original and plagiarism-free high quality academic, homework, assignments and essay submissions for all our clients. At our company, we capitalize on producing A+ Grades for all our clients and also ensure that you have smooth academic progress in all your school term and semesters.
High-quality academic submissions, A 100% plagiarism-free submission, Meet even the most urgent deadlines, Provide our services to you at the most competitive rates in the market, Give you free revisions until you meet your desired grades and Provide you with 24/7 customer support service via calls or live chats.
