Vulnerabilities of Medical Devices Assignment
| Order ID |
53563633773 |
| Type |
Essay |
| Writer Level |
Masters |
| Style |
APA |
| Sources/References |
4 |
| Perfect Number of Pages to Order |
5-10 Pages |
Description/Paper Instructions
Vulnerabilities of Medical Devices Assignment
Medical devices that are controlled by computer software from heart monitors and pacemakers to mammogram and X-ray machinesare new targets for computer viruses and malware. This could put patients at risk, although no injuries or deaths have been reported so far. A recent survey reveals some interesting facts:
The global market for medical device technologies is expected to exceed $674 billion by 2022.
Connected medical devices, also called Internet of Medical Things (IoMT), are becoming a key part of healthcare infrastructure, with the average hospital room containing nearly 1520 of them.
The number of IoMT devices in a hospital can be more than twice the number of traditional networked devices, such as laptops and smartphones.
18 percent of providers reported that their medical devices were affected by malware or ransomware.
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is warning the manufacturers of medical devices about the problem and is requesting them to review the parts of their security plans that are related to these devices when they seek approval from the government agency. In October 2016, Johnson & Johnson warned patients that use its insulin pumps to exercise caution, as it had learned of a security vulnerability that a hacker could exploit to overdose diabetic patients with insulin, although the risk is low. A Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) report has shown that 327 devices at VA hospitals have been infected by malware since 2009. In January 2010, a VA catheterization laboratory was temporarily closed due to infected computer equipment that is used to open blocked arteries. And in a case at a private Boston Hospital, computer viruses exposed sensitive patient data by sending it to outside servers. The increased applications of electronic record systems as a part of the 2009 stimulus package is adding to this risk. In addition to privacy issues, hackers can change patients medical records and treatment plans. If the system does not have a strong login access, some patients can access a system and alter their own medications, such as those taking narcotic substances. Hackers could use Shodan, a search engine for locating Internet-connected devices, using terms such as radiology and X-ray.
Manufacturers must improve the security features of these devices, making them more difficult for hackers to break into. And there needs to be close coordination between the manufacturers and healthcare providers to further enhance security. Also, hospitals and medical facilities must make sure that all the software running these devices is up-to-date and any updates have been installed. Finally, these devices must be blocked from Internet access.
Answer the following questions in a Microsoft® Word document and save the file on your computer with your last name in the file. (Example: module_05_case1_Jones.doc)
What are three examples of devices that could be attacked by computer viruses?
What are the risks related to using electronic health records in hospitals and medical facilities?
What are three pieces of advice for reducing the risk associated with using these devices?
Vulnerabilities of Medical Devices Assignment
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RUBRIC
| QUALITY OF RESPONSE |
NO RESPONSE |
POOR / UNSATISFACTORY |
SATISFACTORY |
GOOD |
EXCELLENT |
| Content (worth a maximum of 50% of the total points) |
Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. |
20 points out of 50: The essay illustrates poor understanding of the relevant material by failing to address or incorrectly addressing the relevant content; failing to identify or inaccurately explaining/defining key concepts/ideas; ignoring or incorrectly explaining key points/claims and the reasoning behind them; and/or incorrectly or inappropriately using terminology; and elements of the response are lacking. |
30 points out of 50: The essay illustrates a rudimentary understanding of the relevant material by mentioning but not full explaining the relevant content; identifying some of the key concepts/ideas though failing to fully or accurately explain many of them; using terminology, though sometimes inaccurately or inappropriately; and/or incorporating some key claims/points but failing to explain the reasoning behind them or doing so inaccurately. Elements of the required response may also be lacking. |
40 points out of 50: The essay illustrates solid understanding of the relevant material by correctly addressing most of the relevant content; identifying and explaining most of the key concepts/ideas; using correct terminology; explaining the reasoning behind most of the key points/claims; and/or where necessary or useful, substantiating some points with accurate examples. The answer is complete. |
50 points: The essay illustrates exemplary understanding of the relevant material by thoroughly and correctly addressing the relevant content; identifying and explaining all of the key concepts/ideas; using correct terminology explaining the reasoning behind key points/claims and substantiating, as necessary/useful, points with several accurate and illuminating examples. No aspects of the required answer are missing. |
| Use of Sources (worth a maximum of 20% of the total points). |
Zero points: Student failed to include citations and/or references. Or the student failed to submit a final paper. |
5 out 20 points: Sources are seldom cited to support statements and/or format of citations are not recognizable as APA 6th Edition format. There are major errors in the formation of the references and citations. And/or there is a major reliance on highly questionable. The Student fails to provide an adequate synthesis of research collected for the paper. |
10 out 20 points: References to scholarly sources are occasionally given; many statements seem unsubstantiated. Frequent errors in APA 6th Edition format, leaving the reader confused about the source of the information. There are significant errors of the formation in the references and citations. And/or there is a significant use of highly questionable sources. |
15 out 20 points: Credible Scholarly sources are used effectively support claims and are, for the most part, clear and fairly represented. APA 6th Edition is used with only a few minor errors. There are minor errors in reference and/or citations. And/or there is some use of questionable sources. |
20 points: Credible scholarly sources are used to give compelling evidence to support claims and are clearly and fairly represented. APA 6th Edition format is used accurately and consistently. The student uses above the maximum required references in the development of the assignment. |
| Grammar (worth maximum of 20% of total points) |
Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. |
5 points out of 20: The paper does not communicate ideas/points clearly due to inappropriate use of terminology and vague language; thoughts and sentences are disjointed or incomprehensible; organization lacking; and/or numerous grammatical, spelling/punctuation errors |
10 points out 20: The paper is often unclear and difficult to follow due to some inappropriate terminology and/or vague language; ideas may be fragmented, wandering and/or repetitive; poor organization; and/or some grammatical, spelling, punctuation errors |
15 points out of 20: The paper is mostly clear as a result of appropriate use of terminology and minimal vagueness; no tangents and no repetition; fairly good organization; almost perfect grammar, spelling, punctuation, and word usage. |
20 points: The paper is clear, concise, and a pleasure to read as a result of appropriate and precise use of terminology; total coherence of thoughts and presentation and logical organization; and the essay is error free. |
| Structure of the Paper (worth 10% of total points) |
Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. |
3 points out of 10: Student needs to develop better formatting skills. The paper omits significant structural elements required for and APA 6th edition paper. Formatting of the paper has major flaws. The paper does not conform to APA 6th edition requirements whatsoever. |
5 points out of 10: Appearance of final paper demonstrates the student’s limited ability to format the paper. There are significant errors in formatting and/or the total omission of major components of an APA 6th edition paper. They can include the omission of the cover page, abstract, and page numbers. Additionally the page has major formatting issues with spacing or paragraph formation. Font size might not conform to size requirements. The student also significantly writes too large or too short of and paper |
7 points out of 10: Research paper presents an above-average use of formatting skills. The paper has slight errors within the paper. This can include small errors or omissions with the cover page, abstract, page number, and headers. There could be also slight formatting issues with the document spacing or the font Additionally the paper might slightly exceed or undershoot the specific number of required written pages for the assignment. |
10 points: Student provides a high-caliber, formatted paper. This includes an APA 6th edition cover page, abstract, page number, headers and is double spaced in 12’ Times Roman Font. Additionally, the paper conforms to the specific number of required written pages and neither goes over or under the specified length of the paper. |
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